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Study Guide - Chapter 17 - Digestive and Urinary Systems


Multiple Choice: Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1) 
What is the main function of the digestive system?
A.
digestion
B.
absorption
C.
elimination
D.
All of the above
 

 2) 
The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system are called
A.
mastication.
C.
absorption.
B.
peristalsis.
D.
digestion.
 

 3) 
Which of the following is produced by the liver?
A.
bile
C.
saliva
B.
chyme
D.
pepsin
 

 4) 
Which of the following actions IS NOT performed in the stomach?
A.
mixing food with gastric juices
B.
storage of swallowed food and liquid
C.
breakdown and absorption of fats
D.
conversion of food into chyme
 

 5) 
The nutrients that result from the digestion of food are carried to body cells by the
A.
capillaries.
C.
blood and lymph.
B.
villi.
D.
ileum.
 

 6) 
Some people are unable to digest the sugars found in milk. This condition is called
A.
Crohn’s disease.
C.
lactose intolerance.
B.
gastritis.
D.
colitis.
 

 7) 
If stomach acid enters the esophagus, it can result in
A.
gas.
C.
heartburn.
B.
indigestion.
D.
constipation.
 

 8) 
____ close like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder.
A.
Sphincters
C.
Nephrons
B.
Ureters
D.
Renal tubules
 

 9) 
Untreated problems of the urinary system
A.
are not serious.
C.
can affect the entire body.
B.
will not affect other body systems.
D.
will go away on their own.
 

 10) 
Which of the following is a way to keep the urinary system healthy?
A.
eat a well-balanced diet
B.
have regular medical checkups
C.
drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water each day
D.
all of the above
 

 11) 
An inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the stomach is
A.
a peptic ulcer.
C.
gastritis.
B.
lactose intolerance.
D.
appendicitis.
 

 12) 
An individual's digestive system will benefit from
A.
eating quickly.
B.
foods low in fiber.
C.
emotional or mental stress.
D.
drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily.
 

 13) 
Which of the following is a correct statement about the urinary system?
A.
The kidneys store urine until it is ready to be eliminated.
B.
Urine consists of water and body wastes that contain oxygen.
C.
The kidneys monitor and maintain the body's acid-base and water balances.
D.
When the body is dehydrated, the bladder signals the brain to send a message that you recognize as thirst.
 

 14) 
A feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen, sometimes accompanied by gas and nausea, is
A.
heartburn.
C.
constipation.
B.
indigestion.
D.
acid reflux.
 

 15) 
The first stage of the digestive process is
A.
elimination.
C.
peristalsis.
B.
ingestion.
D.
absorption.
 

 16) 
Which condition is the result of crystallization of salts in the urine?
A.
nephritis
C.
kidney stones
B.
uremia
D.
cystitis
 

 17) 
In the stomach,
A.
food is converted to chyme.
B.
liquids are absorbed.
C.
bile acids dissolve the fats in food.
D.
nutrients are absorbed through capillaries.
 

 18) 
Which of the following serves to filter waste material from the blood?
A.
the kidneys
C.
the bladder
B.
the renal vein
D.
the urethra
 

Completion: Complete each statement.
 

 19) 
The functional unit of the kidney is the ____________________.
 

 

 20) 
The ____________________ is the tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body.
 

 

 21) 
____________________ results when wastes move very slowly through the large intestine and too much water is absorbed from them.
 

 

 22) 
____________________ consists of water and body wastes that contain nitrogen.
 

 

 23) 
____________________ results from acid reflux, or the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus.
 

 

 24) 
A ____________________ is a tube that leads from a kidney to the urinary bladder.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Match each item to the correct term below.
A.
absorption
D.
hemodialysis
B.
chyme
E.
mastication
C.
digestion
F.
gastric juices
 

 25) 

 The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, called ____, allows the nutrients in foods to be used by your body.
 

 26) 

 ____ of nutrients from food occurs primarily in the small intestine.
 

 27) 

 In the stomach, food is converted into a substance called ____.
 

 28) 

 Pepsin is an enzyme found in the ____ in the stomach.
 

 29) 

 The primary function of teeth is the ____, or chewing, of food.
 

 30) 

 a technique in which an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the blood
 
 
Match each term with the correct definition below.
A.
appendicitis
D.
indigestion
B.
urethritis
E.
peptic ulcer
C.
hiatal hernia
F.
heartburn
 

 31) 

 A feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen
 

 32) 

 A condition in which part of the stomach pushes through an opening in the diaphragm
 

 33) 

 An inflammation of the appendix
 

 34) 

 A sore in the lining of the digestive tract.
 

 35) 

 A burning sensation in the center of the chest
 

 36) 

 the inflammation of the urethra
 
 
Match each term with the best definition below.
A.
ureters
D.
bile
B.
cystitis
E.
urethra
C.
peristalsis
F.
elimination
 

 37) 

 the expulsion of undigested food or body wastes
 

 38) 

 the tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body
 

 39) 

 tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder
 

 40) 

 an inflammation of the bladder
 

 41) 

 a series of involuntary muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract
 

 42) 

 a yellow-green, bitter fluid important in the breakdown and absorption of fats
 

Essay
 

 43) 
Describe the functions of the stomach. How are the digestive problems of heartburn and ulcers related to the stomach?
 

 44) 
Summarizing. How do the liver, the gallbladder, and the pancreas work together in the digestive process?
 

 45) 
Analyzing. What role does the mouth play in the digestive process? What are some tips to follow while eating that will aid in digestion?
 



 
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